Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) counseling is a specialized form of psychotherapy designed to help individuals process and overcome distressing memories, particularly those associated with trauma. Developed by Francine Shapiro in the late 1980s, EMDR follows a structured, eight-phase approach that includes history-taking, preparation, assessment, desensitization, installation, body scan, closure, and reevaluation.